LM158-N, LM258-N, LM2904-N, LM358-N

SNOSBT3I – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2014

www.ti.com

7 Detailed Description

7.1 Overview

The LM158 series are operational amplifiers which can operate with only a single power supply voltage, have

amplifiers operate over a wide range of power supply voltage with little change in performance characteristics. At

Large differential input voltages can be easily accommodated and, as input differential voltage protection diodes

are not needed, no large input currents result from large differential input voltages. The differential input voltage

from going negative more than

can be used.

7.2 Functional Block Diagram

Figure 15. (Each Amplifier)

7.3 Feature Description

The amplifier's differential inputs consist of a non-inverting input (+IN) and an inverting input (–IN). The amplifer

amplifies only the difference in voltage between the two inpus, which is called the differential input voltage. The

output voltage of the op-amp Vout is given by Equation 1:

VOUT = AOL (IN+ - IN-)

where

•

AOL is the open-loop gain of the amplifier, typically around 100dB (100,000x, or 10uV per Volt).

(1)

To reduce the power supply current drain, the amplifiers have a class A output stage for small signal levels which

converts to class B in a large signal mode. This allows the amplifiers to both source and sink large output

currents. Therefore both NPN and PNP external current boost transistors can be used to extend the power

capability of the basic amplifiers. The output voltage needs to raise approximately 1 diode drop above ground to

bias the on-chip vertical PNP transistor for output current sinking applications.

For ac applications, where the load is capacitively coupled to the output of the amplifier, a resistor should be

used, from the output of the amplifier to ground to increase the class A bias current and prevent crossover

distortion. Where the load is directly coupled, as in dc applications, there is no crossover distortion.

Capacitive loads which are applied directly to the output of the amplifier reduce the loop stability margin. Values

of 50 pF can be accommodated using the worst-case non-inverting unity gain connection. Large closed loop

gains or resistive isolation should be used if larger load capacitance must be driven by the amplifier.

The bias network of the LM158 establishes a drain current which is independent of the magnitude of the power

Output short circuits either to ground or to the positive power supply should be of short time duration. Units can

be destroyed, not as a result of the short circuit current causing metal fusing, but rather due to the large increase

in IC chip power dissipation which will cause eventual failure due to excessive junction temperatures. Putting

direct short-circuits on more than one amplifier at a time will increase the total IC power dissipation to destructive

levels, if not properly protected with external dissipation limiting resistors in series with the output leads of the

amplifiers. The larger value of output source current which is available at 25°C provides a larger output current

capability at elevated temperatures (see Typical Characteristics) than a standard IC op amp.

12

Submit Documentation Feedback

Copyright © 2000–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Product Folder Links: LM158-N LM258-N LM2904-N LM358-N