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AN3095 Datasheet(PDF) 4 Page - STMicroelectronics |
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AN3095 Datasheet(HTML) 4 Page - STMicroelectronics |
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4 / 55 page ![]() List of figures AN3095 4/55 Doc ID 16555 Rev 3 List of figures Figure 1. 3 kW PV system image. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Figure 2. Block scheme of hardware implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 3. DC-DC and DC-AC converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Figure 4. DC-DC converter control signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Figure 5. DC-DC converter equivalent circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Figure 6. Current flow in mode 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Figure 7. Current flow in mode 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Figure 8. Current path in mode 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 9. DC-DC converter operating waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 10. Modulation and transformer current in DCM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Figure 11. Power transfer function for different input voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Figure 12. Variation of parameter “d” with input voltage for n=1.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Figure 13. Conversion systems with modified DC-AC inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 14. Schematic of the power stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Figure 15. Output sensing and relay board schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Figure 16. Schematic of the AC voltage measurement circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Figure 17. Line current conditioning circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Figure 18. ADC interrupt service routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Figure 19. STM32F103xx microcontroller schematic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Figure 20. DC-DC converter driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Figure 21. DC-AC converter driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Figure 22. 5 V,1 A flyback converter with VIPER17HN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Figure 23. Multi-output flyback converter with VIPER27HN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Figure 24. Block diagram of the implemented control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Figure 25. Stationary reference frame and rotating reference frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Figure 26. Implemented PLL structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Figure 27. DQ components of the current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Figure 28. Block diagram of the implemented MPPT algorithm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Figure 29. Grid angle and Vd component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Figure 30. Grid angle and grid voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Figure 31. Grid angle (yellow), grid voltage (red), 90° phase-shifted voltage (blue) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Figure 32. DC-DC phase-shift modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Figure 33. Phase-shifted signals, transformer current in CCM, power MOSFET M1 drain current . . . 47 Figure 34. Power MOSFET M1- Ch1 gate signal; Ch2 drain-source voltage and drain current Ch4. . 47 Figure 35. Phase-shifted gate signals (Ch1, Ch2), primary and secondary transformer voltage (Ch3, Ch4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Figure 36. DC-AC voltage and current in standalone mode (open-loop operation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Figure 37. Grid voltage (blue), inverter voltage (red), injected current (green); injected power (math function) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Figure 38. Inverter voltage (green) and current (blue) at 800 W,PF=0.97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Figure 39. Inverter voltage (green) and current (yellow) at 2500 W, PF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Figure 40. DC-DC converter efficiency at different input voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Figure 41. System efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Figure 42. MOSFET M1- Ch1 gate signal, Ch2 drain-source voltage and Ch 4 drain current. . . . . . . 49 Figure 43. Phase-shifted gate signals (Ch1, Ch2), primary and secondary transformer voltage (Ch3, Ch4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 |
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